SSM框架的整合

2022-02-21

Word count: 4.5k | Reading time≈ 24 min

SSM框架的整合

我的学习博客： 狂神说SpringMVC05：整合SSM框架 (qq.com)

我是根据这个博客学的

说是SSM框架的整合，其实还是重新创建一个项目，正好学习从0开始写一个项目的方法。

环境要求

IDEA
maven 3.6（以上）
Tomact9 （以下）
MySQL 5.7（以上）

第一步，分析需求设计数据库

我们这里仅仅创建一个非常简单ed图书管理系统，创建一个非常简单的数据库

CREATE DATABASE ssmbuild;
USE ssmbuild;
CREATE TABLE `books`(
`bookID` INT NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '书id',
`bookName` VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL COMMENT '书名',
`bookCounts` INT NOT NULL COMMENT '数量',
`detail` VARCHAR(200) NOT NULL COMMENT '描述',
KEY `bookID`(`bookID`)
)ENGINE=INNODB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

INSERT INTO `books`(`bookID`,`bookName`,`bookCounts`,`detail`)VALUES
(1,'Java',1,'从入门到放弃'),
(2,'MySQL',10,'从删库到跑路'),
(3,'Linux',5,'从进门到进牢')

数据库样貌

第二步，创建javaweb项目

修改web.xml文件中的配置

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
         version="2.4">

</web-app>

第三步，导入环境依赖

包括;

junit
数据驱动和连接池
servlet
jsp
mybatis
mybatis-Spring
Spring的一系列包

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junit</groupId>
            <artifactId>junit</artifactId>
            <version>4.12</version>
            <scope>test</scope>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysql</groupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.46</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
            <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
            <version>0.9.5.4</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>servlet-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.5</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
            <artifactId>jsp-api</artifactId>
            <version>2.2</version>
        </dependency>
    <dependency>
    <groupId>com.mchange</groupId>
    <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
    <version>有提示</version>
</dependency>
    <dependency>
            <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
            <artifactId>jstl</artifactId>
            <version>1.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId>
            <version>2.0.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis</groupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis</artifactId>
            <version>3.5.2</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
            <version>5.1.9.RELEASE</version>
        </dependency>
    <dependency>
    <groupId>c3p0</groupId>
    <artifactId>c3p0</artifactId>
    <version>0.9.1.2</version>
</dependency>

</dependencies>

并且顺手处理了可能存在的mybatis环境不仅如此target问题：

<build>
        <resources>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/resources</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
            <resource>
                <directory>src/main/java</directory>
                <includes>
                    <include>**/*.properties</include>
                    <include>**/*.xml</include>
                </includes>
                <filtering>true</filtering>
            </resource>
        </resources>
    </build>

第四步，链接数据库

连接数据库

第五步，编写包结构

我们创建一个程序，最基础的包结构有：

Mapper（永久层）
POJO（实体类）
service
Controller（原 servlet）

以及在resource下创建;

mybatis-config.xml（mybatis的核心配置文件）
applicationContext.xml（Spring的核心配置文件）

并导入他们的配置头文件

完整的包结构

mybatis-config.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

</configuration>

applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">


</beans>

第六步，mybatis关联数据库

在resource下创建db.properties文件，并且写入链接数据库所需的一切参数

driver = com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
url = jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&characterEnconding=utf8&useSSL=true
username = dwx
password = 123456

本身是需要在mybatis中关联的，但是由于我们使用Spring整合了mybatis，这部分内容就不需要mybatis做了，mybatis只需要对别名进行处理，或者注册mapper.xml

此时的mybatis-config.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>
    
    <!--联结数据库的工作交给Spring-->
    
    
    <!--使用别名 对实体类使用别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.dwx.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>
    <!--注册mapper.xml-->
    
    
</configuration>

第七步，编写pojo类

package com.dwx.pojo;

public class Books {
    private int  bookID;
    private String bookName;
    private int bookCounts;
    private String detail;

    public Books(int bookID, String bookName, int bookCounts, String detail) {
        this.bookID = bookID;
        this.bookName = bookName;
        this.bookCounts = bookCounts;
        this.detail = detail;
    }

    public Books() {
    }

    public int getBookID() {
        return bookID;
    }

    public void setBookID(int bookID) {
        this.bookID = bookID;
    }

    public String getBookName() {
        return bookName;
    }

    public void setBookName(String bookName) {
        this.bookName = bookName;
    }

    public int getBookCounts() {
        return bookCounts;
    }

    public void setBookCounts(int bookCounts) {
        this.bookCounts = bookCounts;
    }

    public String getDetail() {
        return detail;
    }

    public void setDetail(String detail) {
        this.detail = detail;
    }

    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "Books{" +
                "bookID=" + bookID +
                ", bookName='" + bookName + '\'' +
                ", bookCounts=" + bookCounts +
                ", detail='" + detail + '\'' +
                '}';
    }
}

此处我们没有使用注解开发，如果使用注解就要导入Lombok的·包，

具体过程如这篇博客： Lombok插件的使用 | dwx-tx的小天地

要求：实体类的参数的类型的名字要与数据库中的一致。

第八步，接口实现操作

在Dao层创建接口，写出预计的操作。

package com.dwx.mapper;

import com.dwx.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

import java.awt.print.Book;
import java.util.List;

public interface BooksMapper {

    //接口实现操作
    //增加书籍操作
    int addBook(Books books);

    //删除书籍操作：通过ID
    int deleteBook(@Param("bookID") int id);

    //修改图书信息
    int updateBook(Books books);

    //查询书籍byID
    Books queryBook(@Param("bookID") int id);

    //查询所有的数据
    List<Books> queryBooks();
}

此处使用@Param("")表示以后参数可以使用别名

第九步，编写实现Mapper

此时就用到Mybatis了，在Mapper层下创造一个和接口同名的xml文件，并且导入Mapper配置。

修改<mapper></mapper>的命名空间为接口的名字

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dwx.mapper.BooksMapper">

</mapper>

编写SQL，实现sql

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.dwx.mapper.BooksMapper">

    <!--增加书籍操作-->
    <insert id="addBook" parameterType="books">
        insert into ssmbuild.books (bookName,bookCounts,detail)
        VALUES #{bookName},#{bookCounts},#{detai});
    </insert>

    <!--删除书籍操作-->
    <delete id="deleteBook" parameterType="int">
        delete from ssmbuild.books
        where bookID = #{bookID};
    </delete>

    <!--修改图书信息-->
    <update id="updateBook" parameterType="books">
        update ssmbuild.books
        set bookName = #{bookName},bookCounts = #{bookCounts},detail = #{detail}
        where bookID = #{bookID};
    </update>

    <!--查询书籍ByID-->
    <select id="queryBook" parameterType="int" resultType="books">
        select * from ssmbuild.books where bookID = #{bookID};
    </select>

    <!--查询所有的书籍-->
    <select id="queryBooks" resultType="books">
        select * from ssmbuild.books;
    </select>

</mapper>

实现的xml编写完后，要迅速到mybatis-config.xml中进行配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8" ?>
<!DOCTYPE configuration
        PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Config 3.0//EN"
        "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-config.dtd">
<configuration>

    <!--联结数据库的工作交给Spring-->


    <!--使用别名 对实体类使用别名-->
    <typeAliases>
        <package name="com.dwx.pojo"/>
    </typeAliases>
    <!--注册mapper.xml-->
    <mappers>
        <mapper class="com.dwx.mapper.BooksMapper"/>
    </mappers>


</configuration>

第十步，编写service层（接口加实现类）

service层的唯一作用就是链接DAO层，将数据传递到Controller层，因此，在service层中需要调用DAO层（引用这个层）

接口

package com.dwx.service;

import com.dwx.pojo.Books;
import org.apache.ibatis.annotations.Param;

import java.util.List;

public interface BooksService {

    //service层做得工作和Dao层差不多


    int addBook(Books books);

    //删除书籍操作：通过ID
    int deleteBook(@Param("bookID") int id);

    //修改图书信息
    int updateBook(Books books);

    //查询书籍byID
    Books queryBook(@Param("bookID") int id);

    //查询所有的数据
    List<Books> queryBooks();
}

实现类

package com.dwx.service;

import com.dwx.mapper.BooksMapper;
import com.dwx.pojo.Books;

import java.util.List;

public class BookServiceImpl implements BooksService{

    //调用DAO层
    private BooksMapper booksMapper;
    //由于是使用mybatis，因此一定要使用set方法，因为mybatis是支持set注入的
    public void setBooksMapper(BooksMapper booksMapper) {
        this.booksMapper = booksMapper;
    }

    //此时使用这个mapper对象就能实现操作了

    @Override
    public int addBook(Books books) {
        return booksMapper.addBook(books);
    }

    @Override
    public int deleteBook(int id) {
        return booksMapper.deleteBook(id);
    }

    @Override
    public int updateBook(Books books) {
        return booksMapper.updateBook(books);
    }

    @Override
    public Books queryBook(int id) {
        return booksMapper.queryBook(id);
    }

    @Override
    public List<Books> queryBooks() {
        return booksMapper.queryBooks();
    }
}

第十一步，整合Spring

spring能够整合每一层，并且在每一层都创建一个xml

Spring整合DAO层

创建SpringDAO/mapper.xml并且导入依赖

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">


</beans>

对于这个xml要做到的功能如下：

关联数据库配置文件
链接池
SqlSessionFactory
将DAO接口注入到Spring容器中

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    <!--关联数据库配置文件-->
    <context:property-placeholder location="classpath:db.properties"/>
    <!--连接池-->
    <!--这个c3j0数据库源有问题，我们使用我们Mybatis默认的数据源-->
<!--&lt;!&ndash;    这里我们使用的链接池是c3j0&ndash;&gt;-->
<!--    <bean id="dataSource" class="com.mchange.v2.c3p0.ComboPooledDataSource">-->
<!--        <property name="driverClass" value="${driver}"/>-->
<!--        <property name="password" value="${password}"/>-->
<!--        <property name="user" value="${username}"/>-->
<!--        <property name="jdbcUrl" value="${url}"/>-->
<!--        &lt;!&ndash;对这个连接池进行一点个性化配置&ndash;&gt;-->
<!--        &lt;!&ndash; c3p0连接池的私有属性 &ndash;&gt;-->
<!--        <property name="maxPoolSize" value="30"/>-->
<!--        <property name="minPoolSize" value="10"/>-->
<!--        &lt;!&ndash; 关闭连接后不自动commit &ndash;&gt;-->
<!--        <property name="autoCommitOnClose" value="false"/>-->
<!--        &lt;!&ndash; 获取连接超时时间 &ndash;&gt;-->
<!--        <property name="checkoutTimeout" value="10000"/>-->
<!--        &lt;!&ndash; 当获取连接失败重试次数 &ndash;&gt;-->
<!--        <property name="acquireRetryAttempts" value="2"/>-->
<!--    </bean>-->
    <!--整合数据库 数据源-->
    <!--mybatis的默认数据库池-->
    <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource">
        <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver"/>
        <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEnconding=utf8&amp;useSSL=truejdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mybatis?useUnicode=true&amp;characterEnconding=utf8&amp;useSSL=true"/>
        <property name="username" value="dwx"/>
        <property name="password" value="123456"/>
    </bean>
    <!--sqlSessionFactory-->
    <bean id="sqlSessionFactory" class="org.mybatis.spring.SqlSessionFactoryBean">
        <!--链接数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
        <!--绑定mybatis配置文件-->
        <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:mybatis-config.xml"/>

    </bean>
    <!--配置永久层扫描包（动态的实现DAO接口可以注入到Spring容器中）-->
    <bean class="org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer">
        <!--注入SQLSessionFactory-->
        <property name="sqlSessionFactoryBeanName" value="sqlSessionFactory"/>
        <!--配置要扫描的包-->
        <property name="basePackage" value="com.dwx.mapper"/>
    </bean>

</beans>

Spring整合service层

步奏：

扫描service层下的包
在service类上加上@Service表示被Spring托管
将所有的业务类注册到Spring中
声明式事务配置

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    <!--扫描Service的包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.dwx.service"/>
    <!--将我们的业务类都朱擦到Spring中-->
    <bean id="BooksServiceImpl" class="com.dwx.service.BookServiceImpl">
        <!--Spring注入参数Mapper-->
        <property name="booksMapper" ref="booksMapper"/>
    </bean>
    <!--声明式事务配置-->
    <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DataSourceTransactionManager">
        <!--绑定数据源-->
        <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource"/>
    </bean>
</beans>

第十二步，整合SpringMVC

SpringMVC整合步奏：

将web.xml文件换成最新的
配置DispatchServlet
解决乱码

<web-app xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/j2ee/web-app_2_4.xsd"
         version="2.4">
    <!--注册DispatcherServlet及其一些配置-->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>Spring</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
            <param-value>classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml</param-value>
        </init-param>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>Spring</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>
    <!--解决乱码问题-->
    <filter>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <filter-class>org.springframework.web.filter.CharacterEncodingFilter</filter-class>
        <init-param>
            <param-name>encoding</param-name>
            <param-value>utf-8</param-value>
        </init-param>
    </filter>
    <filter-mapping>
        <filter-name>encoding</filter-name>
        <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>
    </filter-mapping>

</web-app>

我们看这个配置，有一个classpath:springmvc-servlet.xml

这里是我们Spring整合Controller层，我们去编写这个

它要做到的事情：

注解驱动
扫描包
静态资源过滤
视图解析器

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx" xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc https://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsd">

    <!--由于我们时使用的注解开发，因此需要添加配置 扫描要添加注解的包-->
    <context:component-scan base-package="com.dwx.controller"/>
    <!--让SpringMVC不处理静态资源-->
    <mvc:default-servlet-handler/>
    <!--这里我们使用下边这个配置代替 添加处理映射器 添加处理适配器-->
    <mvc:annotation-driven/>

    <!--编写适配视图解析器-->

    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver" id="internalResourceViewResolver">
        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>
        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
    </bean>


</beans>

第十三步，将我们写的几个子xml全部导入到Spring的核心配置文件中去

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
       xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
		http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd">
    <import resource="spring-mapper.xml"></import>
    <import resource="spring-service.xml"></import>
    <import resource="springmvc-servlet.xml"></import>
</beans>

到此时我们的SSM框架就彻底整合完毕了

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